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　　2023年4月江西自考英語(yǔ)閱讀(二)復(fù)習(xí)資料一

　　UNIT 19

　　GLOSSARY

　　awash a. washed over by the waves 被浪潮沖打的

　　cleanse v. make clean 使清潔

　　cluster v. form a close group 使成群;群集;叢生

　　cope v. manage successfully 妥善處理

　　destination n. place to which sb. or sth. is going or is being sent 目的地

　　detergent n. a chemical product used for cleaning clothing， dishes， etc.　清潔劑

　　effluent n. liquid waste 流出物;液體廢物

　　endemic a. (of a disease) found regularly in a particular place (疾病等)地方性的

　　filth disgusting dirt 污物

　　flush v. flow suddenly and freely 奔流;涌

　　foul v. make dirty or impure 　弄臟;污染

　　gravely ad. seriously 嚴(yán)肅地

　　hazard n. danger 危險(xiǎn)

　　infect v. give a disease to， contaminate 感染

　　inhabit v. live in 居住于

　　landlocked a. almost or entirely surrounded by land 被陸地圍住的

　　lurk . exist unseen; wait in hiding 潛伏

　　nourish v. keep alive and well with food to， train， educate， or develop 養(yǎng)育;培養(yǎng);教養(yǎng)

　　outbreak n. sudden occurrence 爆發(fā)

　　overestimate v. have too high an opinion of the degree or number of 過(guò)高估計(jì)

　　periodic a. happening repeatedly at regular times 間歇的;定期的

　　pollute v. make dirty 污染

　　popular a. favoured by many people 大眾喜愛(ài)的

　　remorseless a. feeling or showing no sorrow for doing wrong 不懊悔的

　　seductive a. attractive， seemingly enticing 有吸引力的;富有魅力的

　　sewage n. the waste material and water carried in sewers (陰溝里的)污物

　　slime n. soft， nasty， thick， sticky mud 軟泥;粘泥

　　sluice v. send a stream of water over 奔流;奔瀉

　　stifle v. prevent from happening or continuing 抑制;鎮(zhèn)壓

　　cholera 　n.霍亂

　　dysentery n. 痢疾

　　lagoon n. 環(huán)礁湖;咸水湖

　　paratyphoid n. 副傷寒

　　pesticide n. 殺蟲(chóng)劑

　　plankton n. 浮游生物

　　polio n. 脊髓灰質(zhì)炎;小兒麻痹癥

　　shellfish n. 水生貝類(lèi)動(dòng)物

　　typhoid n.傷害

　　viral hepatitis 病毒性肝炎

　　UNIT 20OUR DISAPPEARING WILDLIFE

　　GLOSSARY

　　bounty n. money given (by government ) for reward (政府給的)獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)金

　　carrion n. dead and decaying flesh 腐尸

　　decompose v. break up and separate into simple parts; decay 分解

　　departure n. leaving a place 離別

　　endanger v. put in danger; cause danger to 危害;危及

　　expansion n. making or becoming larger 擴(kuò)張，膨脹

　　exterminate v. make an end of ; destroy completely 根除，滅絕

　　fatal a. causing or ending in death or disaster 致命的

　　habitat n. the natural home of a plant or animal 動(dòng)植物產(chǎn)地

　　hemisphere n. a half of the earth; half a sphere 半球

　　injurious a. causing harm 致傷的，有害的

　　millennium n. a period of 1000 years . pl. millennia 一千年

　　persecution n. cruel treatment 殘害，迫害

　　predator n. wild animal living by killing and eating other amimals 捕食其它動(dòng)物的野生動(dòng)物

　　preserve n. stretch of land or water where animals， birds and fish are kept safe from harm or danger. 禁獵地

　　prospect n. reasonable hope; sth. which is expected 前程;盼望的事物

　　refuge n. shelter or protection from danger 避難所

　　remnant n. a part that remains 剩余部分

　　roam wander with no clear aim 漫步，漫游

　　scavenger n. a bird or an animal that feeds on wastes or decaying flesh 食腐動(dòng)物

　　splendid a. grand in appearance; glorious; very fine; excellent 優(yōu)異的，壯麗的

　　subtle a. delicate， hardly noticeable; difficult to perceive or describe 微妙的;難以捉摸的

　　superstition n. false belief not based on scientific knowledge 迷信

　　toll n. the cost in health， life， etc. from illness， an accident， etc. 重大的代價(jià);傷亡人數(shù)

　　transition n. changing from one condition to another 變遷，轉(zhuǎn)變

　　unprecedented a. never done or known before 無(wú)前例的

　　unrelenting a. not becoming less in intensity 不松懈的

　　wilderness n. an area of land with little life 荒野

　　bobcat n. (北美東部最常見(jiàn)的一種)野貓

　　bighorn sheep 大角羊

　　boll weevil 棉鈴象蟲(chóng)

　　buffalo n. 水牛;野牛

　　calcium n. 鈣

　　coyote n. (產(chǎn)于北美西部草原的)郊狼，小狼

　　Department of the Interior 內(nèi)務(wù)部

　　elk n. 麋

　　grizzly bear 灰熊

　　passenger pigeon 旅鴿　(一種已經(jīng)絕種的北美野鴿)

　　pelican n. 鵜鶘

　　potato beetle 馬鈴薯甲蟲(chóng)

　　prairie dog 草原犬鼠(產(chǎn)于北美，鳴聲似狗的一種土撥鼠)

　　pronghorn antelope 叉角羚

　　subspecies 亞種

　　the Atlantic 大西洋

　　the Pacific 太平洋

　　timber wolf (北美北部產(chǎn)的)林狼

　　whooping crane 鳴鶴

　　UNIT 21

　　GLOSSARY

　　adjust v. change slightly in order to make suitable for a particular condition 調(diào)整;停頓

　　animate v. give lift to; enliven 使有生命;使活潑，激勵(lì)

　　animated a. active and lively 活躍的;生氣勃勃的

　　anxiety n. uneasiness or fear caused by uncertainty about sth. 憂(yōu)慮;擔(dān)心;熱望

　　approval n. (official) agreement 批準(zhǔn);同意

　　armor n. strong protective metal covering on fighting vehicles 盔甲;防護(hù)物

　　benevolent a. having the desire to do good 仁慈的;樂(lè)善好施的

　　bounce v. jump or spring up and down like a boll 跳躍;彈起

　　conduct v. direct; guide 引導(dǎo);帶領(lǐng)

　　contract v. become smaller in size 縮小

　　convey v. make (idea， feeling， etc.) known 傳播;轉(zhuǎn)達(dá)

　　deflect v. turn from a straight course or fixed direction 轉(zhuǎn)向;偏斜

　　exhalation n. breathing out 呼氣

　　focus v. fix a point on， concentrate on 使聚集;集中

　　fright n. feeling or experience of fear 驚嚇;恐怖

　　grilling n. tough question 嚴(yán)厲盤(pán)問(wèn)

　　hostility n. the state of being unfriendly， showing strong dislike 敵意;敵視

　　inhale v. breathe in 吸氣;吸入

　　inspiration n. an urge to produce good and beautiful things 鼓勵(lì);鼓舞

　　inventory n. a list or a survey 清單;概覽

　　lunge v. make a sudden forceful forward movement 沖刺;猛向前沖

　　nervous a. excited and anxious， worried 緊張不安的;膽怯的

　　polish v. make as perfect as possible 磨光;使精煉;使優(yōu)美

　　positive a. active and certain 積極的;肯定的;確定的

　　presentation n. the act in which sth. is offered， shown or explained 呈現(xiàn);展示;提出;描述

　　quiver v. slightly tremble 顫抖;抖動(dòng)

　　resonance n. deep， full， clear and continuous sounding 回聲;共鳴

　　scan v. look at quickly 瀏覽;粗略地看

　　screech v. make a very high， sharp sound 發(fā)出尖銳刺耳的叫聲

　　seduce v. cause or persuade sb. to do sth. by making it seem attractive 誘惑;勾引

　　splay v. spread out， become large at one end 展開(kāi);向外張開(kāi)

　　survey n. a general view 概觀;調(diào)查

　　tack n. course of action 行動(dòng)步驟;方針

　　vibes n. slight continuous shaky movement 搖擺;激動(dòng)

　　wrestle v. fight by holding and throwing body; (with) try one‘s best to do 搏斗;全力以赴;深思

　　momentum n. 動(dòng)量;勢(shì)力;推進(jìn)力

　　UNIT 22 FUTURE DIRECTIONS

　　GLOSSARY

　　advocate n. a person who speaks for or supports an idea， way of life， etc. 擁護(hù)者

　　boundary n. the limiting or spaniding line of surfaces or spaces 分界線(xiàn)，邊界

　　compassionate a. sympathetic 有同情心的

　　devastate v. destroy completely 摧毀;破壞

　　disruption n. bringing or throwing into disorder 擾亂

　　dramatically ad. excitingly 驚人地;顯著地

　　epidemic a. very common in one place for a time 流行性的;傳染的 n. a large number of cases of the same infectious disease during a single period of time 流行病，時(shí)疫

　　evaluate v. calculate the value or degree of 估…價(jià)，評(píng)價(jià)

　　explore v. examine thoroughly in order to test or learn 探究;考查

　　heed v. give attention to 注意，留意

　　impact n. influence 影響

　　implement n. a tool or instrument 工具，器具v. carry out or put into practice 貫徹;履行

　　infectious a. (of a disease ) which can be spread by infection 傳染的;傳染性的

　　intervene v. interrupt sth.， esp. to prevent a bad result 干涉;干預(yù)

　　jeopardize v. endanger 使受危險(xiǎn);危害

　　mitigate v. lessen the seriousness of ( wrong or harmful action ) 減輕

　　mortality n. the number of deaths from a certain cause 死亡數(shù)

　　multilateral a. concerning or including more that 2 groups of people esp. who have different interests and needs but come together in an agreement 多邊的;涉及多方的

　　pledge v. make a solemn promise or agreement 發(fā)誓;保證

　　prevalence n. existing commonly， generally， or widely 流行，盛行;普遍

　　promote v. support; help in the growth of 促進(jìn);

　　soar v. fly; go fast or high 高飛;猛增，劇增

　　sustain v. bear (difficulty) 忍受;經(jīng)受住

　　transmit v. send or pass from one person， place， or thing to another 傳送;傳達(dá)

　　virus n. a living thing even smaller than bacteria which causes infections disease in the body， in plants， etc. 病毒

　　vulnerable a. weak; not well protected; easily attacked 脆弱的;易受傷害的

　　AIDS n. 獲得性免疫缺損綜合癥，艾滋病

　　HIV 人類(lèi)免疫缺乏病毒

　　microbicide n. 殺菌劑

　　USAID美國(guó)國(guó)際發(fā)展機(jī)構(gòu)

　　vaccine n. 疫苗 痘苗

　　UNIT 23

　　GLOSSARY

　　absolute a. complete， perfect 完全的，純粹的

　　accelerate v. (cause to) move faster， increase speed 加速，增加速度

　　ambitious a. having a strong desire for success， power， riches， etc. 有雄心的

　　balmy a. (of air) soft and warm， mild 溫和的，柔和的

　　benign a. not dangerous to life 有益于健康的

　　bionic a. having powers that are greater than those of ordinary human beings 有超人力量的

　　brittle a. easily damaged， or destroyed 易破碎的，易損壞的

　　candidate n. a person or thing who wants， or whom others want， to be chosen for position 侯選人，被選擇的東西

　　ceramic a. of a connected with the art or practice of making bricks， pots， etc. by shaping bits of clay and baking until hard 制陶的，陶器的

　　crumbly a. easy to break into very small pieces 易碎的

　　dexterous a. skillful， having or showing the quality of ability， cleverness， and skill， esp. in the use of the hands (身，手)靈巧的

　　explode v. blow up or burst 爆炸

　　extraction n. the act of pulling or taking out often with difficulty 抽出，榨取

　　far-fetched a. improbable or forced 未必確定的，牽強(qiáng)的

　　feasible a. able to be carried out or done possible 行得通的

　　flexible a. that can change or be changed to be suitable for new needs， changed conditions etc. 可變通的，靈活的

　　focus n. the central point， place of greatest activity 中心點(diǎn)，焦點(diǎn)

　　foul v. become dirty， impure， or blocked with waste matter 弄臟，使壅塞

　　genius n. a person with great and special ability 天才

　　glimmer n. a small sign， a faint unsteady light 模糊的感覺(jué)，微光

　　immune a. unable to be harmed because of special powers in oneself， free from 有免疫力的，免除的

　　incredible a. too strange to be believed， unbelievable 難以置信的

　　ingenuity n. skill and cleverness in making or arranging things 獨(dú)出心裁;獨(dú)創(chuàng)性

　　manipulate vt. handle or control (esp. a machine) skillfully 熟練地操作

　　membrane n. soft thin skin in the body， covering or connecting parts of it (生物體)薄膜

　　millennium n. a period of 1，000 years 一千周年

　　option n. the freedom to choose 選擇自由

　　orbit n. the path of one heavenly body round another 行星軌道

　　v. move in an orbit 沿軌道運(yùn)行

　　phenomenon n. a fact or event in nature as it appears or experiences by the senses， esp. one that is unusual and/or of scientific interest 現(xiàn)象;有科學(xué)意義的;可感知的自然現(xiàn)象

　　potential a. existing in possibility 潛在的

　　predict v. see or describe (a future happening) in advance as a result of knowledge， experience， reason， etc 預(yù)言;預(yù)告

　　semipermeable a. that can not be completely spread or passed through or into every part of 半滲透的

　　soar v. fly， go fast or high (as) on wings 高飛，翱翔

　　trumpet v. declare or shout loudly 鼓吹

　　verge n. the edge or border 邊沿，界限

　　cochlea n.(醫(yī))耳蝸

　　camcorder n. 攝像放像機(jī)

　　formula n. (賽車(chē))級(jí)(方程式)

　　helium n. 氦

　　hydrogen n. 氫

　　impulse n. 脈沖

　　nitrogen n. 氮

　　space shuttle 航天飛機(jī)

　　superconductor n. 超導(dǎo)體

　　zeppelin 齊柏林飛船，飛艇

　　UNIT 24CALL FOR ATOM PLANT PROBE

　　GLOSSARY

　　accident-prone a. likely to have accidents 特別易出事故的

　　build-up n. increase or development; forming steadily 增大;逐步建立

　　considerable a. fairly large or great in amount， size or degree 很大的，可觀的

　　controversial a. likely to cause or causing much argument or disagreement引起爭(zhēng)論的

　　crack downtake disciplinary action against 對(duì)……采取嚴(yán)厲措施，對(duì)……進(jìn)行制裁

　　defective n. a. faulty; imperfect 有缺陷的

　　deficiency n. state of having none or not enough缺乏，不足

　　deteriorate v. become worse in quality 變質(zhì)，惡化

　　discharge v. send， pour or let out (gas， liquid， etc.) 排出;n. the action of discharging; sth. discharged 排出;排出物

　　disturbing n. causing anxiety 擾亂，打擾

　　disused a. no longer used 不用的，廢棄的

　　exclusive a. published by only one newspaper at first; not shared with others 獨(dú)家報(bào)到的;獨(dú)占的，專(zhuān)有的

　　inadequate a. not good enough in quality， ability， size， etc. 不適當(dāng)?shù)模怀渥愕?/p>

　　initiative n. the first movement or act which starts sth. happening 首創(chuàng)，發(fā)端

　　inspectorate n. a group of inspectors 視察團(tuán)

　　inspection n. official visit to judge the quality of sth. or to see that rules are obeyed 視察

　　maintenance n. keeping sth. in good condition， by making repairs to it and taking care of it 保養(yǎng)，維修

　　mitigate v. make less severe 使緩和

　　munitions n. large arms for war， such as bombs， guns， etc. 軍火

　　obsolete a. no longer used; out of date 已廢棄的;過(guò)時(shí)的

　　probe n. careful and thorough inquiry or examination 探究radiation n. sending out light， heat， etc. 放射，輻射

　　renew v. give new life and freshness to; repeat 使更新;重復(fù)

　　restore v. give back or bring back; make well or normal again 使恢復(fù)，使回復(fù)

　　robust a. vigorous 強(qiáng)健的

　　scrutiny n. careful and thorough examination; close study or look. 仔細(xì)檢查，詳盡研究

　　Silo n. a tall cylindric tower or pit 筒倉(cāng)

　　sprawl v. spread; stretch out 伸展開(kāi);蔓延

　　urgent a. very important， esp. which must be done or dealt with quickly or first 緊要的

　　ventilation n. the passing into and around a room， building， etc. of fresh air (空氣等的)流通

　　caesium n. 銫

　　complex n. 綜合企業(yè)

　　oxy-acetylene 氧乙炔的

　　radioactive a. 放射性的

　　strontium n. 鍶

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